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發(fā)布時間:2024-01-31 來源:元祿光電
意大利科學(xué)家使用氧化鈦海綿成功防止半透明太陽能電池中的鉛泄漏,器件顯示出與半透明鈣鈦礦器件相當(dāng)?shù)男剩骄梢姽馔腹饴剩ˋVT)為31.4%。
圖片:CNR-IMM
意大利微電子和微系統(tǒng)研究所(CNR-IMM)的科學(xué)家開發(fā)了一種半透明的鈣鈦礦太陽能電池。他們通過在器件上沉積氧化鈦(TiO2)海綿來防止?jié)撛诘你U(Pb)泄漏。
“我們設(shè)想太陽能電池用于建筑集成光伏(BIPV)和農(nóng)業(yè)光伏的應(yīng)用,其中潛在的鉛泄漏可被視為嚴(yán)重的公共環(huán)境和健康風(fēng)險來源,”研究員Salvatore Valastro告訴PV雜志。
TiO2是一種高度吸附的材料,在鈣鈦礦太陽能電池中充當(dāng)有效的電子傳輸層(ETL)。為了解決潛在的鉛(Pb)泄漏問題,研究人員制備一種無溶劑的多孔TiO2薄膜,形成了一種海綿狀結(jié)構(gòu),能夠在模擬災(zāi)難性事件期間從受損器件中捕獲Pb。
“TiO2海綿可以吸收濃度范圍為24 g/cm2至63 g/cm2的鉛,其相當(dāng)于厚度為200 nm(半透明PSC)至500 nm(不透明PSC)的MAPbI3,”研究人員解釋說。
他們用玻璃和氧化銦錫(ITO)做基板,由聚三芳胺(PTAA)制成空穴傳輸層(HTL),帶有TiO2海綿的鈣鈦礦吸收體,由苯基-C61-丁酸甲酯(PCBM)制成的電子受體,浴庫普林(BCP)緩沖層,金(Au)金屬電極構(gòu)建電池。
“我們通過使用濺射設(shè)備無溶劑沉積TiO2海綿,這是一種易于擴展的沉積方法,被半導(dǎo)體制造公司廣泛使用,”Valastro說?!霸诔练e過程之前執(zhí)行1分鐘的預(yù)濺射步驟,以清理鈦靶的表面以去除氧化層?!?/span>
太陽能電池實現(xiàn)了11.6%的轉(zhuǎn)換效率,平均可見光透光率(AVT)為31.4%?!?1.6%的效率是這種半透明架構(gòu)的典型特征,”Valastro說。
研究小組在“Preventing lead leakage in perovskite solar cells with a sustainable titanium dioxide sponge,”中描述了這種電池技術(shù),該研究最近發(fā)表在《自然可持續(xù)性》上。
“我們的方法代表了解決BIPV,BAPV,農(nóng)業(yè)光伏和不透明設(shè)備的鉛釋放的具體步驟,也為報廢設(shè)備中的鉛回收鋪平了道路,”該團隊總結(jié)道。
(消息來源:pv-magazine.com)
Semitransparent perovskite solar cell with 11.6% efficiency
Italian scientists have used a titanium oxide sponge to successfully prevent lead leakage in a semitransparent solar cell. The device has demonstrated comparable efficiency to semi-transparent perovskite devices and has an average visible transmittance (AVT) of 31.4%.
Scientists from the Italian Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (CNR-IMM) have developed a semi-transparent perovskite solar cell. They achieved this by depositing a titanium oxide (TiO2) sponge on the device to prevent potential lead (Pb) leakage.
“We conceived the solar cell for applications in building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) and agrivoltaics, where the potential lead leakage can be viewed as a serious public environmental and health risk source,” researcher Salvatore Valastro toldpv magazine.
TiO2, a highly adsorbent material, serves as an effective electron transport layer (ETL) in perovskite solar cells. To address potential lead (Pb) leakage, the researchers created a solvent-free porous TiO2 film, forming a sponge-like structure capable of capturing Pb from damaged cells during simulated catastrophic events.
“The TiO2 sponge can sequester Pb in concentrations ranging from 24 g cm2 to 63 g cm2, which are equivalently contained in MAPbI3 layers with thicknesses from 200 nm (semi-transparent PSC) to 500 nm (opaque PSC),” the researchers explained.
They built the cell with a substrate made of glass and indium tin oxide (ITO), a hole transport layer (HTL) made ofpoly-triarylamine (PTAA), a perovskite absorber with the TIO2 sponge, an electron acceptor made of phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM), a bathocuproine (BCP) buffer layer, a gold (Au) metal contact, and the TIO2 sponge.
“We deposited the sponge via a physical solvent-free deposition, by using sputtering equipment, an easily up-scalable deposition method, which is widely used by semiconductors manufacturing companies,” Valastro said. “A pre-sputtering step of 1 min is performed before the deposition process to clean up the surface of the titanium target to remove oxidized layers.”
The solar cell achieved a power conversion efficiency of 11.6% and has an average visible transmittance (AVT) of 31.4%. “The efficiency value of 11.6% is characteristic of this semi-transparent architecture,” said Valastro.
The research team described the cell tech in “Preventing lead leakage in perovskite solar cells with a sustainable titanium dioxide sponge,” which was recently published in Nature Sustainability.
“Our method represents a concrete step forward in addressing Pb release for BIPV, BAPV, agrivoltaics and opaque devices, and also paves the way for Pb recycling in end-of-life devices,” the team concluded.
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